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Kobayashi Tsuyoshi

  • Faculty of Agriculture
  • Department of Applied Biological Science
  • Associate Professor
Last Updated :2025/04/24

Researcher Information

Degree

  • Doctor of Science（Ibaraki University）

Research Interests

  • 環境科学   生理生態学   植物生態学   Environmental Science   Plant ecophysiology   Plant ecology   

Research Areas

  • Life sciences / Ecology and environmental science

Academic & Professional Experience

  • 2001 - 2002  Hokkaido UniversityInstitute of Low Temperature Science
  • 2001 - 2002  Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, COE Research Fellow低温科学研究所
  • 1999 - 2001  森林衰退研究センター (広島テクノプラザ/広島大学 ), 科学技術振興事業団（JST） 戦略的基礎研究推進事業（CREST）研究員
  • 1999 - 2001  Center for Forest Decline Studies (Hiroshima Tecnoplaza/Hiroshima University), Research Fellow (JST-CREST)

Education

  •        - 1999  Ibaraki University  博士後期課程 環境機能科学専攻
  •        - 1999  Ibaraki University  博士後期課程 環境機能科学専攻
  •        - 1995  Ibaraki University  修士課程 生物学専攻
  •        - 1995  Ibaraki University  修士課程 生物学専攻
  •        - 1992  Ibaraki University  生物学科
  •        - 1992  Ibaraki University  生物学科

Association Memberships

  • International Association for Vegetation Science   香川生物学会   フェノロジー研究会   根研究会   光合成研究会   植物地理・分類学会   応用生態工学会   植生学会   日本草地学会   大気環境学会   日本雑草学会   日本緑化工学会   日本植物学会   日本森林学会   種生物学会   日本生態学会   International Association for Vegetation Science   The Biological Society of Kagawa   Japanese Society for Root Research   The Japanese Association for Photosynthesis Research   THE Society for the Study of Phytogeography and Taxonomy   Ecology and Civil Engineering Society   The Society of Vegetation Science   Japanese Society of Grassland Science   Japan Society for Atmospheric Environment   The Weed Science Society of Japan   The Japanese Society of Revegetation Technology   The Botanical Society of Japan   The Japanese Forest Society   The Society for the Study of Species Biology   The Ecological Society of Japan   

Published Papers

Books etc

  • 生物学大辞典
    東京化学同人 2011

Conference Activities & Talks

  • 植物新梢末端の師管流計測を目指した超小型師管流センサ(2) -師管流の抽出・成分測定-  [Not invited]
    日本生態学会第62回全国大会  2015
  • MEMS技術を用いた超小型維管束（道管流・師管流）モニタリングセンサの研究  [Not invited]
    日本生態学会第61全国大会・企画集会  2014
  • Micro sap flowsensor using MEMS technology for application to biological information measurement of plants  [Not invited]
    Third International Conference on Plant Vascular Biology  2013
  • Micro sap flowsensor using MEMS technology for application to biological information measurement of plants  [Not invited]
    Third International Conference on Plant Vascular Biology  2013
  • 植栽されたソメイヨシノの樹冠内におけるシュート伸長の可塑性と小花密度の関係  [Not invited]
    日本植物学会第76回大会  2012
  • Fabrication of micro sap flow sensors by using MEMS technology  [Not invited]
    第29回「センサ・マイクロマシンと応用システム」シンポジウム  2012
  • 巨大クローナル外来植物モウソウチクの侵入は里山林の構造と現存量をどう変えるか？ 8年間の追跡から  [Not invited]
    第44回種生物学シンポジウム  2012
  • Fabrication of micro sap flow sensors by using MEMS technology  [Not invited]
    第29回「センサ・マイクロマシンと応用システム」シンポジウム  2012
  • 竹林の拡大は問題なのか？タケは悪者なのか？香川県における森林衰退の背景  [Not invited]
    香川経済同友会 第5回広域環境委員会  2011
  • 中国・四国地域の環境や生物の特徴を「JaSPaシステム」として見直してみよう  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会 公開シンポジウム『中国・四国地域に潜む多様な環境と生物：地球環境の縮図「JaSPaシステム」』  2011
  • モウソウチクの稈密度の増加は里山林の現存量をどう変えるか？：8年間の追跡から  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2011
  • 香川県における竹林の拡大と里山の生物多様性・生態系機能に対する影響（４）：林分バイオマス蓄積を制御するモウソウチクの稈密度の閾値に基づいたモウソウチクの管理に対する提言  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク第8回研究集会  2011
  • 日本のイネ科植物相におけるC4光合成サブタイプ間の葉のδ13Cのバリエーションとそれに影響する要因  [Not invited]
    日本植物学会第75回大会  2011
  • ササの生態を踏まえたタケの振る舞いの理解と管理指針  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク第9回研究集会  2011
  • 香川県白山のサクラ植裁地における植裁樹と雑草･雑木の生育状態の関係  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2011
  • 炭素循環・水文過程を考慮したモウソウチク林の機能評価  [Not invited]
    日本生態学会第57回大会 企画集会「なぜ里山に竹林が拡がっているのか？竹林が拡がると何が起こるのか？ その生物学的要因と生態系への影響」  2010
  • 瀬戸内の気候や植物の特徴を考慮した大気汚染物質の植物影響と植生の変化  [Not invited]
    平成22年度 大気環境学会・日本水環境学会・廃棄物資源循環学会 3学会合同講演会  2010
  • 香川県における竹林の拡大と里山の生物多様性・生態系機能に対する影響（３）: モウソウチクの優占は里山林の土壌を乾燥させるか？  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク 第6回研究集会  2010
  • Functional causes and consequences of giant bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) invasion on the rural forests in western Japan  [Not invited]
    ILTS Workshop on Climate and Vegetation in the Pan-Okhotsk Terrestrial Regions  2009
  • 異なる標高に由来するオオバコ種子の発芽・休眠特性の変異  [Not invited]
    日本雑草学会第48回大会  2009
  • OHラジカル生成水に対するオオバコの抵抗性: 個体内の物質分配と個葉光合成特性から  [Not invited]
    日本雑草学会第48回大会  2009
  • 里山林の炭素動態に対する大型外来植物モウソウチクの侵入・分布拡大の影響  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2009
  • 植物の「稼ぎ方」と「稼ぎの使い方」：テンナンショウの光合成と生活史  [Not invited]
    第3回 マイヅルテンナンショウの会  2009
  • JaSPaシステムとは何か？中四国の日本海−瀬戸内海−太平洋縦断ベルト地帯が有する生態系の再認識とそれに対するアプローチ  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2009
  • 香川県における竹林の拡大と里山の生物多様性・生態系機能に対する影響（２）: モウソウチクの優占は森林の炭素吸収・貯蔵・分解にどのような影響をもたらしうるか？  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク 第4回研究集会  2009
  • 登山道に侵入する雑草は除去するべきか？：レクレーション・エコロジー  [Not invited]
    富士山自然ガイドスキルアップセミナー  2009
  • 香川県の里山林におけるモウソウチク優占度と土壌含水率の関係  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク 第5回研究集会  2009
  • 東ユーラシアにおける冷温帯〜寒帯樹木の個葉ガス交換の環境応答特性の収斂とそれに基づいた生態系の水循環の広域的予測（CREST・WECNoF−5年間の活動から）  [Not invited]
    日本生態学会第55回大会  2008
  • 気孔・表面コンダクタンスに関する“潜在的”応答特性の概念  [Not invited]
    第119回日本森林学会大会  2008
  • 里山のモウソウチク侵入林分におけるリターフォールとリター分解  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2008
  • 順次展葉する草本 (オオバコ，Plantago asiatica L.) の液相オキシダントの下での葉量の増大と出穂数抑制による成長補償  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会  2008
  • 香川県における竹林の拡大と里山の生物多様性・生態系機能に対する影響（１）：モウソウチク侵入林分の土壌環境の悪化はモウソウチクのリター生産・分解特性から説明できるか？  [Not invited]
    竹林景観ネットワーク 第2回研究集会  2008
  • 希少糖による種子発芽の抑制効果における植物種群間の相違  [Not invited]
    日本植物学会第72回大会  2008
  • 高知県石灰岩地における絶滅危惧種ヒメヒゴタイの個体群維持機構：クズ除去効果と晩秋の光合成特性  [Not invited]
    日本植物学会第72回大会  2008
  • Do forests have a common "potential" response of surface and/or stomatal conductance to environmental conditions?  [Not invited]
    Synthesis Efforts From the Global Network of Ecosystem-Atmosphere CO2, Water and Energy Exchange (FLUXNET) [session BG2.11], General Assembly and Congress of European Geosciences Union (EGU 2008)  2008
  • 日本における2倍体野生イチゴの分布地域  [Not invited]
    園芸学会平成19年度春季大会  2007
  • 香川県白山のサクラ植裁地における植裁樹と雑草･雑木の生育状態の関係  [Not invited]
    日本動物学会・日本植物学会・日本生態学会 生物系三学会中国四国支部大会

Works

  • 北方林地帯における水循環特性と植物生態生理のパラメータ化: 北方林の生理生態的特性の解析
    2003 -2007

MISC

Awards & Honors

  • 2002 第49回日本生態学会大会ポスター賞（優秀賞）
     JPN
  • 2002 Poster Award, The 49th Annual Meeting of the Ecological Society of Japan

Research Grants & Projects

  • Flowering of giant bamboos and its effects on ecosystems in 2020s Japan
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research
    Date (from‐to) : 2020/04 -2025/03 
    Author : 小林 剛
     
    １）2010年代から生じている西日本におけるハチクの大規模開花の背景として，日本における竹林の分布を自然環境保全基礎調査の全国植生調査データベース（環境庁）を用いて解析した。マダケ属は九州から東北にかけて広く分布していたが，ハチクはモウソウチクよりも太平洋側にも偏在する傾向にあった。また，ハチクは落葉広葉樹林などの比較的明るい群落内に出現しやすい一方で，群落の最上層の優占種となっている地点は少なかった。ハチクはモウソウチクよりも高木との競争で劣勢となりやすく，常緑広葉樹林などの厳しい被陰に晒される場所では優占度を高めにくいことが示唆された。ハチクの開花後の枯死と実生更新の失敗は，高木との競争においてさらなる劣勢を促しうる。
    ２）ハチク開花林における植生調査・毎ラメット調査では，開花後に生残していた地下茎から発生したと考えられる矮小再生ラメットが，広葉樹の侵入拡大にともなう光環境の悪化によって密度を激減させながらも，5年以上にわたって持続していた。過去にマダケで指摘されていたような栄養繁殖による更新の可能性を診断するため，生残している矮小再生ラメットの生育高と受光環境との関係の解析を開始した。ハチク開花林の近隣にマダケ林（非開花）が存在する地点では，ハチクの枯死・倒伏後にマダケ（通常ラメット）の侵入によって矮小再生ラメットが被陰されていた。ハチクの矮小再生ラメットの持続は，高木や他のタケ類の負の影響の小さい林縁や林道沿いなどに制限される可能性が高い。
    ３）西日本を中心にタケ類の開花地を引き続きGoogle Map上に記録した。ハチク（および近縁種のクロチク）以外にもモウソウチクやキンメイチクなどの局所開花が各地で散発している。開花竹林の遺伝構造および開花時の栄養状態や開花後の物質循環に対する影響の解析のために，各地におけるハチクの生葉の採取と解析の準備をさらに進めた。
  • Micro-scale plant vascular sensor for monitoring of sap dynamics and nutrients dynamics in plant shoots
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    Date (from‐to) : 2015/04 -2018/03 
    Author : Shimokawa Fusao
     
    We newly proposed the microscale xylem-sap-dynamics (flow velocity) sensor that uses the measuring principle of the Granier method. We also fabricated micro-sensor chips for functional verification by using MEMS technology, and assembled them on a resin film for mounting on the epidermis of plants. Furthermore, we measured the sap dynamics by using a mimicked plant experimental setup and actual plant, and succeeded in measuring the flow velocity(0-500μm/s). We also proposed the microscale phloem-sap-dynamics (flow velocity and direction) sensor, and confirmed the possibility of sap dynamic measurement in the actual plant shoots. We demonstrated the feasibility of a novel nutrients dynamics sensor that can conveniently identify the phloem positions and extract pure photosynthates samples in agricultural situations.
  • Influences of forest evapotranspration and photosynthesis under the humidification in the Lena river basin, eastern Siberia
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
    Date (from‐to) : 2014/04 -2018/03 
    Author : Ohta Takeshi
     
    In the Lena river basin of eastern Siberia, the characteristics of forest evapotransriration and photosythesis are changed by forest environmants in waterlogging durings 2005-2008, and the influences of damages for waterlogging are studied in forest physiology (A), forest ecology (B), permafrostlogy (C), and river hydrology (D). The influences of the responses for the A, B, and C processes were appeared by the charactrestics of forests, and the evapotranspiration and photosynthesis are decreased by permafrost conditions in the waterlogging. The influences for the D response was not issued at all and was not changed by forest conditions in the waterlogging period. This phenomena is considered in the place of occurrence for the river discharge. The influences of the responses for the smaller or the bigger groupes are appeared by evapotranspiration, photosynthesis, and permafrost characteristics.
  • Micro scale sap flow sensor based on Granier sensor for measuring biological information of plant branches
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
    Date (from‐to) : 2012/04 -2015/03 
    Author : SHIMOKAWA Fusao; TAKAO Hidekuni; KOBAYASHI Tsuyoshi
     
    We developed a micro sap flow sensor using the measuring principle of the Granier's method by applying MEMS technology. By using the micro fabrication techniques, we fabricated an integrated micro sap flow sensor consisting of micro probes, temperature sensor and thin-film micro heater on a Si substrate. The fabricated micro sensor was reduced to 1/10 the size of a conventional Granier sensor (diameter:φ2mm, length:20 mm). To investigate the use of the proposed sensor in measuring the actual sap flow amount of plants, an experimental system (to control the flow inside a tube) imitating a plant's stem was fabricated. As the result, we demonstrated the use of the sensor in obtaining sap flow amount data (0～150 μm/s), similar to the use of a conventional sensor. By using a fabricated micro sensor, a normal diurnal sap flow pattern was observed in model plant. Therefore, we successfully demonstrated the applicability of the proposed sensor to an actual plant.
  • PROPAGATION, GROWTH AND FLOWERING PHYSIOLOGY OF ENDANGERED SPECEIS ARISAEMA SIKOKIANUM.
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
    Date (from‐to) : 2003 -2005 
    Author : HASEGAWA Atsushi; FUKAI Seiichi; KOBAYASHI Tsuyoshi
     
    A.sikokianum has a sympodial shoot with a two-year growth cycle. Inflorescence initiation occurred on the apex of the axillary shoot of the lower leaf in May. The apex initiated the spathe and spadix in succession. Floral primodia appeared on the spadix from September to October. In order to verify self-compatibility in A.sikokianum, pollen that was collected from several male plants and cryopreserved for a year was used to pollinate to the same plants when the sexual expression of the plants converted to female. Both self- and cross-pollinated spadices produced seeds, indicating that A.sikokianum is self-compatible. Dormancy of corms broke when corms were exposed to natural low temperature until middle December. Effective temperatures for breaking dormancy was 5℃. Vegetative corms exposed to low temperatures at 5℃ longer showed shorter days to sprout when grown at 20℃. Reproductive corms treated at 5℃ longer showed shorter days to flower. Potted A.sikokianum plants were grown under 28, 14 and 4% of light intensity to full sunlight (100%) at an experimental field. Net CO_2 assimilation rate near saturating irradiance (A_) and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics at predawn and daytime were measured for well-developed leaves. At the beginning of flowering, A_ and electron transport rate (ETR) in midday were greater in female plants than those of male plants. Both in the male and the female plants at this period, A_ and ETR increased, and light use efficiency (ΔF/Fm') in the midday decreased with the intensity of growing light. No midday depression of ETR in the male plants would be partly ascribed to greater non-photochemical quenching (NPQ), a successful dissipation of excess light energy. The decrease of ΔF/Fm' in the midday recovered until evening, suggesting that chronic photoinhibition can be avoided even in the male plants with smaller photosynthetic capacity. After the flowering, A_ and ETR were decreased and ΔF/Fm' did not recover in the evening. However, at the low light levels (4 and 14%), similar photosynthetic characteristics were shown between the male and the female plants and/or light intensities. These results suggest that A.sikokianum plants growing in the low light have mechanisms to maintain photosynthetic productivity irrespective of sex expressions and light intensities. The productivity of female plants would be supported by greater photosynthetic capacity at the leaf level from the beginning of shoot expansion and flowering.
  • Measurement of atmospheric aqueous phase OH radical and the elucidation of its toxic effects on higher plants
    Japan Society for the Promotion of Science：Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    Date (from‐to) : 2002 -2004 
    Author : SAKUGAWA Hiroshi; NAKANE Kaneyuki; SAKURAI Naoki; HORIKOSHI Takao; TAKEDA Kazuhiko; KOBAYASHI Tsuyoshi
     
    Chemistry of atmospheric aqueous phase hydroxyl radical (OH radical) and its toxic effects on the physiological status of higher plants have been investigated in this study. Analytical technique for automatic, rapid and sensitive measurement of aqueous phase OH radical was firstly developed and it was successively applied to the analysis of rain and dew samples. Identifications of sources of atmospheric aqueous phase OH radical indicated that nitrate, nitrite and Fenton reaction (involving hydrogen peroxide and dissolved iron species) are major sources of OH radical in rain, dew samples whereas unknown sources of OH (sometimes up to 50%) remain to be elucidated. The ppb level of nitrite existed in bubbling solution of the exhaust gas of diesel cars produced uM/h of OH whereas almost no OH generated in that of gasoline cars. From our studies, it can be concluded that atmospheric aqueous phase OH radical is originated from OH producing substances including nitric acid (nitrate), nitrous acid (nitrite), hydrogen peroxide with iron species occurring in the atmosphere and one of important anthropogenic sources of OH producing substances may be diesel exhausts. Decrease of photosynthetic activity and stomata conductance at leaf level and the decrease of biomass at individual level were observed when the OH radical generating solution (photo-Fenton reagent) that was fumigated on needles of red pine seedlings for 2-3 months. Interestingly, the influence of OH much diminished when mannitol (radical scavenger) was added into the fumigating solution in the exposure experiment and thus mannitol effectively controlled the toxic effect of OH to pine trees. Moreover, a growth model for pine trees showed that the decrease of photosynthetic production of pine needles with OH radical exposure would reduce biomass quantity and finally cause the death of tree after year-to-year exposure of OH producing substances. A numerical simulation examined emission trends of nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide from various anthropogenic sources in Hiroshima prefecture. In the prefecture, stationary sources such as iron and steel industry are major emitters of these pollutants. However, with the development of new technologies for saving the energy and cost, the emission of these pollutants will be lower by 20-30% from 1990 to 2010. This decrease of major air pollutant emissions would result in significant improvement of air pollution in the prefecture and thus further pine forest decline would be unlikely.
  • 絶滅危惧植物ユキモチソウの遺伝構造
  • 高等植物の種子発芽に対する稀少糖の影響
  • 撹乱・ストレスに対する植物の応答
  • 人為干渉下の植物群落の構造と機能
  • 陸生高等植物の生活史・個体群動態・生理生態
  • Genetic structure Arisaema spp. in Shikoku Island
  • Effects of rare sugars on seed germination of higher plants
  • Plant responses to disturbance and stress
  • Structure and function of plant community under human interference
  • Life history, population biology and ecophysiology of terrestrial higher plants

Committee Membership

  • The Society for the Study of Species Biology   Associate Editor of Plant Species Biology, 2007-   The Society for the Study of Species Biology
  • The Ecological Society of Japan   Editorial Board of Ecolgical Research, 2003-2005   The Ecological Society of Japan

Other link

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