The Guarantee of Nature and the Duty to Pursue Perpetual Peace: Kant's View of History and Morality in Perpetual Peace [通常講演]
Keita Sato(佐藤慶太)
XXV World Congress of Philosophy Rome 2024 2024年08月 口頭発表(一般) Sapienza Università di Roma The Italian Philosophical Society
In the First Supplement of Perpetual Peace, Kant claims that nature guarantees human beings the realization of perpetual peace. He limits the scope of the guarantee to the establishment of institutions, so as not to conflict with his theory of freedom. But he also states that the guarantee makes it a duty to work toward perpetual peace. Although the scope of the guarantee is limited to the establishment of institutions, how can this be said? This paper attempts to answer this question. Upon closer examination, the following becomes clear: (1) The view of history presented there is based on the reflecting power of judgment. Kant introduces a new approach to interpreting historical facts in order to change the historical perspective of the readers. (2) Autonomy of the will is the condition of this view of history. Therefore, acceptance of this view is directly related to acting on the basis of morally practical reason, which obligates us to adopt the maxim of working for perpetual peace.